Homebuyer’s chapter
Check your credit before applying
Know what is reported and challenge errors through the proper channels.
Read the reports
A report records information used by scoring models; it is not the same thing as a score. Follow CFPB instructions to obtain your reports from legitimate channels. Check identity details, balances, payment history and accounts you do not recognize. A name or logo in a search advertisement is not a reason to provide sensitive data.
Resolve errors carefully
Follow the dispute procedure explained by the reporting company and CFPB. Keep copies of the disputed information, supporting documents and correspondence. Do not pay a stranger to erase accurate negative history or promise a particular score. Identity theft may require a different response from an ordinary reporting error.
Avoid last-minute surprises
Ask your lender before opening or closing accounts, financing furniture or changing debt during a mortgage application. Do not hide obligations. A score shown in a consumer app may differ from the score or model used by a lender. Approval depends on more than a single number.
Make the habit sustainable
Schedule reliable bill payments while keeping enough funds to avoid overdrafts. Review statements for errors and fraud. If repayment is becoming difficult, contact the creditor rather than ignoring notices. No action here guarantees a score increase or mortgage eligibility; request individualized guidance where needed.
Questions to take into the next conversation
- Review reports through the official routes described by the CFPB.
- Keep a record of disputed items and the supporting documents you sent.
- Ask the lender before changing accounts or taking new debt during an application.
Why can a lender's score differ from an app's score?
Scoring models, report sources and the timing of information can differ. Ask the lender which information it is using and how to address an error. A consumer score is useful context, but it is not a guarantee that the lender will use the same number or approve the application.